Neanderthal man

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Definition
  1. Noun:
    • An extinct species or subspecies of archaic human: "Neanderthal man" refers to a robust, now-extinct type of human who lived in Europe and western Asia during the Middle Paleolithic period, approximately 400,000 to 40,000 years ago. They are a close evolutionary relative to modern humans (Homo sapiens).
Usage
  • The term is used in scientific, anthropological, and historical contexts to discuss human evolution, prehistoric archaeology, and the characteristics of this specific archaic human.
  • It is often used to contrast with anatomically modern humans ().
Examples
  • Noun:
    • Fossil evidence shows that Neanderthal man coexisted with early modern humans in Europe for thousands of years.
    • The discovery of tools and burial sites has given us insight into the culture of Neanderthal man.
Advanced Usage
  • The term "Neanderthal" (without "man") is now more commonly used in scientific literature to refer to this group ().
  • In informal, often derogatory usage, "Neanderthal" can be used as an adjective or noun to describe a person perceived as very primitive, crude, or unintelligent. This usage is based on outdated stereotypes and is not scientifically accurate.
    • His Neanderthal attitudes towards gender equality are completely unacceptable. (Informal, pejorative use)
Variants and Related Words
  • Neanderthal (noun/adjective): The more common modern term for Neanderthal man ().
    • Neanderthal DNA has been found in the genomes of most modern humans.
  • Homo neanderthalensis (noun): The formal binomial (scientific) name.
  • Neandertal (noun/adjective): An alternative spelling, reflecting the modern German orthography of the Neander Valley (Tal) where the first fossils were found.
Synonyms
  • Homo neanderthalensis (Scientific name)
  • Neanderthal (Common synonym)
  • Archaic human (Broader category)
Related Idioms/Phrases
  • To have Neanderthal tendencies/traits: An informal and usually pejorative phrase suggesting someone has primitive or brutish behavior.
    • He was accused of having Neanderthal tendencies for resolving disputes with his fists. (Informal, pejorative)
Noun
  1. extinct robust human of Middle Paleolithic in Europe and western Asia

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